Network
ss
Utility to investigate sockets — faster replacement for netstat.
Synopsis
syntax
ss [OPTION]... [FILTER]
Examples
Show TCP listening ports with PIDs
ss -tlnp
Socket summary statistics
ss -s
Show established TCP connections
ss -t state established
Find processes using port 80
ss -tnp | grep :80
Common options
| Flag | Description |
|---|---|
| -t | TCP sockets |
| -u | UDP sockets |
| -l | Listening sockets |
| -n | Numeric output |
| -p | Show process using socket |
| -a | All sockets |
| -s | Summary statistics |
About ss
The `ss` command utility to investigate sockets — faster replacement for netstat. Networking commands handle connectivity testing, DNS resolution, data transfer, remote access, firewall rules, and traffic analysis.
Linux is the dominant server operating system, and strong networking skills are essential for web hosting, container orchestration, security auditing, and infrastructure management. The command accepts 7 commonly used flags shown above, though the full set of options is available in the man page (`man ss`).
The 4 examples on this page cover typical real-world usage patterns that you can copy and adapt for your own workflows.
Related commands
More Network Commands
Other commands in the Network category