Circled Plus ⊕

The Circled Plus character (⊕) is a standard HTML entity defined in the HTML specification. In HTML source code, it can be written using the named entity reference ⊕, the decimal numeric character reference ⊕, or the hexadecimal numeric reference ⊕. The character is assigned Unicode code point U+2295 in the Universal Character Set.

The circled plus (⊕) represents the direct sum in abstract algebra, the XOR (exclusive or) operation in logic and computer science, and addition in certain modular arithmetic systems. It is a circle containing a plus sign and has distinct meaning from regular addition.

Symbol entities encompass a wide variety of special characters used in legal disclaimers, intellectual property notices, typographic ornaments, card suit indicators, and miscellaneous notation throughout web content. These characters appear in website footers for copyright notices, product pages for trademark symbols, academic papers for dagger footnote markers, and decorative or gaming contexts for card suits and stars.

When deciding how to encode the Circled Plus character in your HTML documents, the named entity ⊕ is generally the most readable choice for developers reviewing or maintaining source code. The decimal form ⊕ and hexadecimal form ⊕ are equally valid alternatives that work in contexts where named entities may not be supported, or when generating HTML output programmatically from server-side code. All three representations produce identical visual output in every modern web browser.

Use the circled plus for direct sum notation in linear algebra (V ⊕ W), XOR operations in computer science and cryptography, and modular addition. It is an important symbol in abstract algebra, coding theory, and digital electronics documentation.