.html File — HyperText Markup Language

HTML (HyperText Markup Language) is the foundational markup language of the World Wide Web, defining the structure and content of web pages through a system of nested elements (tags) that describe headings, paragraphs, links, images, forms, tables, and embedded media. Created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1991, HTML has evolved through several major versions — HTML 2.0 (1995), HTML 4.01 (1999), XHTML (2000), and HTML5 (2014) — with the current HTML Living Standard maintained by WHATWG. HTML5 introduced semantic elements (header, nav, main, article, section, footer), native audio and video, canvas for 2D graphics, SVG integration, web workers, WebSocket, localStorage, geolocation, and drag-and-drop APIs. HTML works in conjunction with CSS for styling and JavaScript for interactivity to form the three pillars of web development. Every web page is fundamentally an HTML document parsed and rendered by the browser's layout engine. HTML supports accessibility through ARIA attributes and semantic markup, internationalization through character encoding and text direction attributes, and SEO through structured metadata and semantic organization.