RO — Romania

Romania is a southeastern European country known for the Carpathian Mountains, the Danube Delta, and the region of Transylvania. Bucharest, the capital, has grand Belle Époque architecture. Romania joined the EU in 2007 and has a growing technology sector. The Romanian Leu (RON) replaced the old leu (ROL) in 2005. For developers, the RO country code maps to the ro-RO locale for Romanian. The .ro domain and +40 calling code serve Romania. The 2005 currency redenomination from ROL to RON (removing four zeros) requires handling both codes in historical data. Romanian uses Latin script with specific diacritical marks (ă, â, î, ș, ț) — note that Romanian uses comma-below characters (ș, ț) not cedilla characters (ş, ţ), a subtle Unicode distinction that causes common encoding issues. Romania has a very strong IT outsourcing sector and has produced globally successful tech companies. Romanian CNP (personal numerical code) has a 13-digit format with specific validation.