UTC-12:00 (Baker Island Time)

UTC-12:00 is the world's earliest timezone, sometimes called 'Anywhere on Earth' (AoE) time. This offset is primarily associated with Baker Island and Howland Island, two uninhabited US territories in the central Pacific Ocean. There are no permanent residents in this timezone. The 'Anywhere on Earth' concept is used in deadline specifications — when a deadline is set to a date in AoE time, it means the deadline has not passed as long as it is still that date anywhere on the planet. This convention is widely used in academic paper submission deadlines, conference registrations, and international competitions. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) recognized AoE as a useful convention for global deadlines. Baker Island and Howland Island are coral atolls that were important for transpacific aviation refueling before the jet age. Amelia Earhart was heading for Howland Island on her ill-fated 1937 circumnavigation attempt. The IANA database uses 'Etc/GMT+12' for this offset (note the counterintuitive sign — Etc/GMT+12 means UTC-12 due to POSIX conventions). UTC-12 is 24 hours behind UTC+12 (Fiji, New Zealand), meaning the full range of Earth's timezones spans a full day.