Process Management

xargs

Build and execute command lines from standard input.

Synopsis

syntax
xargs [OPTION]... [COMMAND [INITIAL-ARGS]]

Examples

Delete all .tmp files found
find . -name '*.tmp' | xargs rm
Download URLs 4 at a time
cat urls.txt | xargs -P 4 -I{} curl -O {}
Handle filenames with spaces
find . -name '*.py' -print0 | xargs -0 grep 'import os'
Echo two numbers per line
seq 10 | xargs -n 2 echo

Common options

FlagDescription
-IReplace string (e.g. -I{} uses {} as placeholder)
-nMax arguments per command invocation
-PMax parallel processes
-0Input items are NUL-separated
-tPrint commands before executing

About xargs

The `xargs` command build and execute command lines from standard input. Process management commands let you monitor, control, and schedule running processes.

Linux is a multitasking operating system, and understanding how to list processes, send signals, adjust priorities, and manage background jobs is vital for system administration and debugging performance issues. The command accepts 5 commonly used flags shown above, though the full set of options is available in the man page (`man xargs`).

The 4 examples on this page cover typical real-world usage patterns that you can copy and adapt for your own workflows.

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