SA — Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia is the largest country in the Middle East, occupying most of the Arabian Peninsula. Riyadh, the capital, is rapidly modernizing under the Vision 2030 plan. Saudi Arabia holds the world's second-largest proven oil reserves and is the cradle of Islam with the holy cities of Mecca and Medina. The Saudi Riyal (SAR) is pegged to the US dollar. For developers, the SA country code maps to the ar-SA locale — one of the most important Arabic locales due to Saudi Arabia's economic and cultural influence. The .sa domain and +966 calling code serve Saudi Arabia. The ar-SA locale uses the Hijri (Islamic) calendar as the primary calendar system, requiring robust Hijri-Gregorian conversion. Arabic-Indic numerals (٠١٢٣٤٥٦٧٨٩) may be preferred in ar-SA contexts. Saudi Arabia's Absher e-government platform and digital identity system require specific integrations. Vision 2030 is driving massive tech investment, creating the NEOM smart city project and expanding the digital economy significantly.